Sphagnum capillifolium spore (click to enlarge)
Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw.- Sphagnopsida
Description of spores: Smooth to fine papillae on both surfaces; spherical, smooth surface with distinct bifurcated Y-mark. Very little amount of spores
Size : 20-28 μm
Habitat: Found in bogs and thrive better in better-drained sites
Dispersal Mechanism: As the sporangium dries up, pressure builds up in the structure and causes a rupturing of the sporangium with the operculum popping off, resulting in spores ejecting up into the turbulent air.
Prediction of spore adaptation: The red colour of the sphagnum may attract flies, similar to the methods of Splachnum ampullaceum, therefore the fine papillae could aid in spore dispersal in way that it act as a velcro and gets tangled on the hairs of the flies. The flies can transport these spores over a far range. The spore is also relatively large therefore indicating that the moss invests a lot of energy manufacturing these massive spores which may contain a lot of essential factors to increase longevity of the spore. This is especially beneficial for short-lived species and it provides energy for a good start.
Moss Spores & sem 